Kidney diseases are a major cause of debilitating illness and premature morbidity that affect both adults and children.
The loss of kidney function is often progressive and asymptomatic in early stage.
Kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis; their dysfunction affects virtually every part of the body. Management of patients with renal disease involves an interdisciplinary approach. There is a strong need to personalize treatment for patients.
An estimated 15% of the United States adult population and up to 13% of the European adult population have Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD), a prevalence which is expected to grow with an aging population.
Patients with CKD often suffer from other comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and heart failure.
In addition to CKD, there are some 200 to 300 renal diseases for which mechanisms are unknown and often have a hereditary component.
Among these rare diseases, renal tubulopathies form a complex group of disorders which result in the inability of the tubule to exercise their functions. Disorders and their severity differ depending on the location within the tubule and the existence, or not, of compensatory pathways.
